Anyways, I managed to livetweet some of it, and I wanted to share what I wrote:
Arrived 20 minutes late! @D_Brautigam is talking about iffy aid statistics! pic.twitter.com/NtWDs0Fgml
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 5, 2013
Now @D_Brautigam is talking about Chinese finance mechanisms and "land grabs," which is kind of a myth as there is little Chinese investmentTo those who think China has a master plan for Africa:
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 5, 2013
China is not nearly as organized, centralized, or coordinated in terms of its Africa policies - @D_BrautigamSome other general observations:
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 5, 2013
There are internal Chinese solutions to #SinoAfrica problems, like ivory poaching - @D_Brautigam
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 5, 2013
The Chinese are often presented negatively in English-language media - @D_Brautigam
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 5, 2013
The Chinese in Africa, in my opinion, are acting like the Japanese in SE Asia or France in FrancoAfrique - @D_BrautigamDr. Park's turn:
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 5, 2013
Now Dr. Yoon Jung Park is talking about Chinese people in Africa, with no PowerPoint! pic.twitter.com/gNfClNOUthShe starts with some history:
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
There is a long history of Chinese migrants going to Africa as laborers - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Even prior to that (and Zheng He), there is evidence if Chinese trade w/ Africa - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
China, in particular, likes to emphasize that it came, it traded, it left, unlike Europe. It is a dominant Chinese narrative - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
There have been Chinese communities in Africa since the 19th century - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Gabonese politician Jean Ping's father was a Chinese trader from Zhejiang - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Taiwanese industrialists were invited into apartheid South Africa when it had limited international allies - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Up until 1980s, small scattered Chinese communities, mostly in South Africa - ParkThen she moves onto the numbers (or lack thereof):
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
I published an article with @SAIIA_info in 2010 and we came up with between 560,000 and 780,000 - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
People tend to count Chinese who come in, but not who leaves. Numbers are generally inflated by anti-China voices - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Sometimes the numbers can be really far off, 40,000 quoted in Namibia (pop. 1.4 mil) when really they meant 4,000, not corrected - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Most people who look like me are viewed as Chinese, even though I am Korean-American - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
An African government minister, if asked how many Chinese are in country, will count Chinese, Japanese, Malaysians, Filipinos, etc - ParkStories from her research! About labor!
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Significance of Chinese migration is that they will go into places that no other foreigners go to, like highlands of Lesotho - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
High proportion of Chinese in Africa are temporary workers, not migrants - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Short contracts mean that Chinese laborers are brought in, not preferable but necessary - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Chinese workers are expensive, must be flown in, do not eat local food and have to stay in protected compounds - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
However, many locals in some of these areas do not have the skills required - ParkChinese prisoners, you say?
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Also, many Chinese projects require long hours, helps give rise to myth of Chinese prisoners working in Africa - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Everyone wears cheap coveralls and works a long time so who else besides a prisoner would work such god-forsaken hours, thinking goes - ParkDiversity!
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Seeing a tremendous amount class and provincial diversity making their way to Africa - Park
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
More and more women and single women are coming to Africa - ParkAfter that last tweet, my phone had around 6% power so I had to shut it down. Tragedy! It was not that major a loss, as Dr. Park was winding down her fascinating discussion and the question and answer session opened up.
— Winslow Robertson (@Winslow_R) November 6, 2013
Some observations:
- The first question flipped the Chinese-in-Africa narrative to ask about Africans in China, a topic of which both speakers knew a respectable amount. They recommended the questioner visit africansinchina.net.
- Prof. Brautigam recently read a Wall Street Journal/Rand Corporation oped that did not terribly impress her. Lo and behold, someone from Rand was at the talk to ask her a question, though he had nothing to do with the piece in question. He wanted to know more about the differences between the Chinese state and other Chinese actors in Africa, which is a really important point. There is no one China in one Africa. The Chinese state is very aware of how the actions of some Chinese reflect on the Chinese state as a whole, as demonstrated by Dr. Park's fantastic mimicking of any given Chinese ambassador in an African country's reaction when asked about Fujianese migrants (note this image may be a tad exaggerated). Still, it should be emphasized that Chinese state organs do emphasize following local laws when traveling overseas.
- I asked a question that piggy-backed on the prior one about the interaction between official China and unofficial China, and Prof. Brautigam said that every country has a coalition of Chinese businesses that try to help the Chinese community (A think it is called the Chinese Business Association?). Though a lot of it was pushed by the SOEs initially, private companies have joined as well and it has apparently served as a great tool for both the Chinese state and Chinese individuals to interact with each other. Most of the time, the only way the Chinese state interacts with Chinese citizens in Africa is when the latter are in trouble, and Chinese embassies are notorious for allegedly doing nothing when asked. Anyways, if I recall correctly, it was the South Africa Chinese Business Association that helped tell Chinese shopkeepers to lay low during the 2008 xenophobic violence in South Africa.
- When I asked my question, Prof. Deborah Brautigam called me "the famous Winslow." Woot!
- While we know stuff about the Africa-China relationship, there are a lot of things that we do not know. Be suspicious of numbers!
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